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That means 36 states have to ratify. MICHAEL WALDMAN: They assaulted the marchers and sent a hundred of them to the hospital. There's no transcript of what they discussed. On the morning of September 22, Little Crow's soldiers' lodge ordered all able-bodied men to march south to the Yellow Medicine River. [74], Chief Standing Buffalo led his band to the northern plains and Canada, where they wandered for nine years. [57] From that date the blog focused almost exclusively on forecasting the outcomes of the 2010 U.S. Senate and U.S. House of Representatives elections as well as state gubernatorial contests. But if American women refused to back their country now, she reasoned, they could hardly expect the country to back them. Moorland-Spingarn Research Center, Howard University NARRATOR: To New Yorkers, Blatch's coordinated invasion of the polls offered a preview of what election day might be should women get the voteand as Blatch noted, the expected calamity had not come to pass. In the recent presidential election, candidate Theodore Roosevelt's insurgent Progressive Party had even adopted a plank endorsing votes for women. Brooklyn Society for Ethical Culture NARRATOR: When Alice Paul's boisterous troops returned to the Woman's Party headquarters, flush from the House victory, they found Miss Paul was already there, bent over her desk. By the time their efforts delivered California, the sixth so-called "free state," to the cause, in 1911, votes for women had become, as one journalist observed, "the three small words which constitute the biggest question in the world today.". He developed a fondness for modern painting, eventually becoming a connoisseur and collector of Asian art, including painting, pottery, and jewelry. "We, the women of America, tell you that America is not a democracy.". Request a transcript here. And when President Wilson asked Congress for a declaration of war on April 2nd, the pickets took up their vigil once more. Recorded in 1954, YMHA Poetry Center, New York, NY. MICHAEL WALDMAN, WRITER: Political parties mattered a lot, and their platforms mattered a lot. I think she was quite right.". [citation needed], Because of the high demand for cadavers for anatomical study, several doctors wanted to obtain the bodies after the execution. ELAINE WEISS: Frederick Douglass says, I believe in womens suffrage. And it is considered really radical. [70] On the extreme left, Major Robert N. McLaren led a company from the 6th Regiment around the south side of the lake to defend a ridge overlooking a ravine, and defeated a Dakota flanking attack on the other side. Sarah Orenstein Nate Silver, "Why Obama Will Embrace the 99 Percent". Bearing it across the continent was Frances Jolliffe, 42 and a drama critic from Washington State; poet Sara Bard Field, 33 and a native of Oregon; and two Swedes who had volunteered their brand-new Willys-Overland for the trip. So that what happens at that point when theyre looking at the end game, they say, "lets get on the bandwagon. F.I.L.M. Susan Hormuth Eyewitness accounts were communicated first-hand to individuals who survived into the 1970s and early 1980s. Since joining the series in 2003, she has provided editorial support and guidance to its broadcast and digital work. This occurred in the forenoon of Monday, 18th of August, 1862. Need a transcript of this episode? VOICE [Paul]: However gaily you start out in prison to keep up a rebellious protest, it is nevertheless a terribly difficult thing to do in the face of the constant cold and hunger of undernourishment. [57]:3012 With the outbreak of war in Minnesota in August, the state adjutant general's headquarters ordered the 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, and 10th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiments, which were still being constituted, to dispatch troops under Sibley's command as soon as companies were formed. [9]:49 Flandrau and his companies were relieved on October 5, 1862, by the 25th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. Carrie Chapman Catt had been in town for a month already, preparing the legislative ground from her third-floor suite at the Hermitage Hotel. In this poem Stevens wrote of strolling along the beach with a friend and discovering a girl singing to the ocean. You know if you feel some group that's your group is the underdog you want to try to help; it's natural [And] when I saw this outbreak of hostility, I understood everything about what the English [suffragists] were trying to do. MIAMI Floridas sandy beaches arent just beautiful and one of the biggest money-makers in the states tourism-based economy. He made the women think he was ignoring them, but you know he was peeking through the curtains to see what they were up to. "[33] But the context of Myrick's comment at the time, early August 1862, is historically unclear. [14]:185 The Dakota forces formed a fan-shaped line, threatening their flank. [16][14]:233 Meanwhile, Little Crow and a group of 150 to 250 followers fled to the northern plains of Dakota Territory and Canada. However, Gabriel Renville (Tiwakan) and Solomon Two Stars argued vehemently against his plan, saying that Little Crow had underestimated the size and strength of Sibley's command, that attacking at night was "cowardly," and that his plan would fail because they and others would not help them. A formative moment, fixed in poets minds. VOICE [Paul] : we have been saying that the women would rise in revolt at the polls this November against the Democrats if they did not pass the amendment. And, so, by their count they have the votes. COL. BETH BEHN: Wilson knows hes in a battle heading into the 1916 election. Now, theyre cutting electric lines, telegraph lines. [83] Both in summary tables and in an electoral map, Silver forecast the winner of each state. Dana Schechter Theyre going to build, by the 1890s, an African-American womens club movement. But on the suffrage amendment, the Senate refused to budge. It was followed over the next six years by three more western states. Big Eagle and others argued that they should be returned to the fort, but Little Crow insisted that they were valuable to the war effort and should be kept as hostages for their own protection. But Carrie Chapman Catt had been working twelve- to fourteen-hour days all year, with her "Winning Plan" always in her sights. COL. BETH BEHN: He does it as a private citizen in a state-level vote that doesnt have any national implications and, in fact, is explicitspeaking to his Southern basethat hes not in favor of a federal amendment. "I am absolutely worn out," Harriot Stanton Blatch grumbled, "by routing out at midnight and 4 o'clock in the morning." Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University [citation needed], The federal government re-established the Lower Sioux Indian Reservation at the site of the Lower Sioux Agency near Morton. Even as the war came to an end in November 1918, and Wilson departed soon after for Paris, to negotiate the peace, they continued protestingonly now, instead of merely throwing the president's words back at him, the women set them ablaze across from the White House, in Lafayette Square. SUSAN WARE, HISTORIAN: Most people thought that womens demand for the vote was something of a joke back in the 19th century. Aura Sound and Color MARY WALTON: She saw how difficult it was to get a change in a state voting law. He was a master stylist, employing an extraordinary vocabulary and a rigorous precision in crafting his poems. NARRATOR: On June 20th, 1917, as the first American troops neared France, the National Woman's Party pickets launched their sixth month of protest with a bold provocation: a banner, fully ten feet wide, addressed not to the president, but to a party of Russian diplomats, who motored through the White House gate, as expected, just moments later. Perfect for snowy days and long nights by the fire. For that, she was placed in solitary confinement: cell door bolted round the clock, no mail, no visitors. NARRATOR: As the wan winter sun rose on the morning of February 7th, 1915, readers of the New York Times turned the front page of the Sunday editorial section and encountered a lengthy warning about a grave and imminent danger: a referendum, scheduled for November 2nd, that for the first time would put the question of votes for women directly to the electorate of New York state. The Montauk Club, Special Thanks It will retain its own identity (akin to other Times blogs like DealBook), but will be organized under the News:Politics section. But that is a huge win in the minds of many of the suffragists, because now the President has indicated at least hes personally pro-suffrage. The Dakota raided farms and small settlements throughout south central Minnesota and what was then eastern Dakota Territory. Legaland Business Affairs In ten days, New York voters would go to the polls to determine whether or not the women of the state should be permitted to join themand the marchers were confident their claim could not be denied. ALEXANDER KEYSSAR: So the dominant movement is to take voting rights away from people. [112] General Sibley gave the battery one of the 6 pounders from Fort Ridgely. The measure squeaked through the Senate at last, on June 4th, 1919, with a scant two votes more than the required two-thirds majority. Burnslabeled the "ringleader"was handcuffed and left overnight with her arms chained to the top of her cell door. Studiopolis Catt declared it "an insult to womanhood." NARRATOR: It had been four decades since the woman suffrage measure first had been brought to the New York legislatureand the one and only popular referendum ever held in the state, in 1915, had been bitterly defeated. Corporation for Public Broadcasting Harold Bloom, in acknowledging Stevenss debacleOwls Clover,describedThe Man with the Blue Guitaras the poets triumph over literary anxieties and added that with its completion Stevens renewed his poetic aspirations and vision. MARY WALTON: It's a very Southern city. They tried to terrorize and suppress us. The 400-odd of trials commenced on 28 September 1862 and were completed on 3 November; some lasted less than 5 minutes. And so they are forcing women at the front of the suffrage issue to really kind of confess their sins and its strategic and its an act of disruption, as well as a challenge to organizations that had been poised to ignore black women. It was drunk. The site focused on a broad range of subjects under the rubric of "data journalism".[13]. Elizabeth Cady Stanton was less civil. Theyd deny it if your grandfather was a slave. He's deeply concerned with any discussion of a federal amendment on suffrage because hes got a base of support in the South. ", Reconciliation Park near downtown Mankato was dedicated in 1997 "to promote healing between Dakota and non-Dakota peoples.". As more and more states were enfranchising their women, it meant there was more pressure on Congress. Gene Tempest J. D. ZAHNISER: Alice Paul was much more comfortable as the stage manager, as the director, than she was as the star. Bryn Mawr College Library and Special Collections [5] FiveThirtyEight, like many outlets, said Donald Trump had a lower probability of victory in the 2016 presidential election than Hillary Clinton. [111], Silver's self-unmasking at the end of May 2008 brought him a lot of publicity focused on his combined skill as both baseball statistician-forecaster and political statistician-forecaster, including articles about him in The Wall Street Journal,[112] Newsweek,[113] Science News,[114][115] and his hometown Lansing State Journal. There werent streetlights. The fledgling Congressional Union's "militant" leaders, Shaw told the press, know "nothing of American politics. Request a transcript here. But Silver's blog has buoyed more than just the politics coverage, becoming a significant traffic-driver for the site as a whole. Carrie Catt is trying to convince the parties not just that this is the right thing to do, but that itll help them politically. Executive Producer It was shaping up to be a tight race. PECOTA (Player Empirical Comparison and Optimization Test Algorithm) is a statistical system that projects the future performance of hitters and pitchers. Women were quite literally crossing a new divide in America, and being much more vocal and aggressive-demanding the vote, not asking politely. He barely slept the last couple weeks of the campaign'By the end, it was full-time plus'and for that matter, he says he couldn't have kept it up had the campaign lasted two days longer. "This visit of yoursundoubtedly will make it necessary for all of us to consider very carefully what it is right for us to do." SUSAN WARE: What was so unusual about the suffrage lobbyists is that that was not the way they operated. (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). And I think the most-educated women really became restless. Newly widowed, she'd established legal residency in Kansas in order to be able to cast a ballotand, as she told Alice Paul, had turned her head and heart to her enfranchised sisters. [9]:72 On December 26, 1862, 38 were hanged in Mankato, Minnesota with one getting a reprieve. Wilson had refused. [57] Marshall deployed his men equally in dugouts and in a skirmish line which fired as they gradually crawled forward and finally charged, successfully driving the Dakota back from the ravine. Keep coming back, not get discouraged. The amendment had passed the required two-thirds majority by a single vote. [citation needed] Legal history scholar Carol Chomsky writes in the Stanford Law Review: The Dakota were tried, not in a state or federal criminal court, but before a military commission composed completely of Minnesota settlers. Susana Fernandes, Audience Engagement Editor They plucked objects off the floats. [citation needed], In reaction to raids by Dakota in southern Minnesota, on July 4, 1863 Governor Ramsey ordered the State adjutant general, Oscar Malmros to issue General Orders No. Join us now! VOICE [Alice Paul]: The scene was one awful nightmareThe police grabbed the suffragettes by the throats & threw them flat on their backs over & over againFinally when the police could not drive the women back or control the scene, [the suffragettes were arrested.]. Act! Nathalie Bonin (Violin) Learning to make effective shapes and arrangements of energy, rather than particular required patterns. 701 Sound They realize they dont have the votes; theyre probably going to lose. John Campbell Nathalie Bonin (Violin) Colin Hess The people in charge believed that they deserved to be in charge, young people must come up through the ranks, and Alice Paul was none of that. [74][73] Wakeman noted on that day that the treatment of Little Crow's remains had "rankled" him and his people more than the way he had been killed. MARTHA JONES: Alice Paul understands her choices. Wish greatly you were here." Tennessee State Library and Archives [73], Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign signed off on a proposal to share all of its private polling with Silver. Request a transcript here. National Woman's Party CASSIDY: There was no interstate highway system. Nicole Bramley When asked in 2009, "What is your biggest regret in life?" Robert Cooney Need a transcript of this episode? Within moments, two menone wielding a knifeset upon the pickets and tore the banner from its frame. Within two years, settlers' encroachment on Lakota land sparked Red Cloud's War; the US desire for control of the Black Hills in South Dakota prompted the government to authorize an offensive in 1876 in the Black Hills War. And she began to realize that there was a whole other world out there where women were not necessarily treated equally. By December 1913, tensions were so high that the National barred reporters from attending its annual convention. MICHAEL WALDMAN, WRITER: The right to vote is the heart of democracy, and if half the country doesn't have the right to vote, you're nowhere near being a democracy. MARY WALTON: Alice has never lost her focus on Woodrow Wilson in all these years. They wanted to be full adult American citizens. Advisors Chinese Historical Society of America UNESCO and its mandate for international cooperation can be traced back to a League of Nations resolution on 21 September 1921, to elect a Commission to study the feasibility of having nations freely share cultural, educational and scientific achievements. in American History from Columbia University. He also correctly predicted the winners of every U.S. Senate race. Get the latest science news and technology news, read tech reviews and more at ABC News. Tim Krohn, "38 Dakota honored by riders, runners", "A Native American Poet Excavates the Language of Occupation", "A Minnesota politician and writer shares his insights on 'The Dakota War, a Clash of Cultures', "Healing Minnesota's Deepest Wound: Pardoning a Dakota Warrior", "Watch Dakota 38 Documentary, Remember Those Lost 150 Years Ago", A Century of Dishonor: A Sketch of the United States Government's Dealings with some of the Indian Tribes, A Sioux Story of the War: Chief Big Eagle's Story of the Sioux Outbreak of 1862, A Thrilling Narrative of the Minnesota Massacre and the Sioux War of 186263, A Sioux Narrative of the Outbreak in 1862 and of Sibley's Expedition in 1863, The Story of Mary Schwandt: Her Captivity During the Sioux Outbreak 1862, https://doi.org/10.1080/08873631.2015.1067951, https://doi.org/10.1080/10749039.2014.984311, "Minnesota Historical Society History Topics: US-Dakota War of 1862", Minnesota Historical Society: US-Dakota War of 1862, Minnesota Historical Society: Historic Fort Snelling: The US-Dakota War of 1862, Length of U.S. participation in major wars, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dakota_War_of_1862&oldid=1125650815, Genocide of indigenous peoples of North America, Articles with dead external links from October 2010, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2022, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Captain William J. Cullen's mounted St. Paul Cullen Guards, Captain Joseph F. Bean's company "The Eureka Squad", Captain David D. Lloyd's company organized in, Captain Calvin Potter's company of mounted men, Captain Mark Hendrick's battery of light artillery, Captain J.R. Sterrett's company of mounted men raised at. There was nothing that she thought she couldnt do. [102] Josh Jordan wrote in National Review that Silver clearly favored Obama and adjusted the weight he gave polls "based on what [he] think[s] of the pollster and the results and not based on what is actually inside the poll". It minimized them. Ucla Film & Television Archive Footage Farm Brown Brothers So this indirect influenceand this is often one of the terms youll actually hear: Indirect influence serves us well. SUSAN WARE: Maud Wood Park really hadnt spent any time in the nations capital until that point. How can you call America a democracy when 20 million American women cannot vote? [128], Silver also appeared on The Colbert Report (October 7, 2008 and November 5, 2012),[129] The Daily Show (October 17, 2012 and November 7, 2012),[130] and Real Time with Bill Maher (October 26, 2012). NARRATOR: On November 23rd, lawyers for the pickets successfully persuaded the court to transfer the Occoquan prisoners to the District jail. TINA CASSIDY: There were lots of male students from the University of Birmingham there, and they were hooting and hollering and singing songs and throwing things. ALEXANDER KEYSSAR: By the late 19th century, in white, middle-class and upper-class American society, there was a shrinking faith in democracy. ELLEN DUBOIS: Catt called the New York victory the Gettysburg of suffrage. It wasn't until September that the bill finally came to the floor for debate; and by then, no one was more anxious for it to pass than the president. The federal amendment's been kicking around Congress for 40 years; they've got to get it out of there. "I dont believe Lincoln's State is going to permit Alabama or Georgia or any other State to begin to dictate to it now." NARRATOR: During the month of January 1917, Park's lobbyists met with 326 members of the House, twenty of them on more than one occasion. But he was also a philosopher of aesthetics, vigorously exploring the notion of poetry as the supreme fusion of the creative imagination and objective reality. There were no obstacles. Early life. ELLEN DUBOIS: The word lobby already had a negative association. [103] The narratives reflect a spectrum of views on the conflict, representative of factions within the Dakota community. An insurance man became one of the most influential poets of 20th-century America. And that has consequences far beyond any encounter in the vestibule of a meeting hall. Week by week, editorials denouncing the protest filled so many column inches that Carrie Chapman Catt felt compelled to launch a campaign of clarificationstressing that the National Association, which represented the vast majority of suffragists, did not support the picketing. [citation needed], Due to the demands of the American Civil War, Adjutant General Oscar Malmros and Governor Alexander Ramsey of Minnesota had to repeatedly appeal for assistance from the governors of other northern states, the United States Department of War, and President Abraham Lincoln. ELEANOR SMEAL: You know, theyd all eat together, and then the men would go into the library or some other part of the house to talk about the real things of society. If they dared to divorce, husbands retained custody of the children. Director of Audience Development Were still fighting over who has that power. Twelve miles through alkali salt pan in Nevada's Great Basin-an experience Field described as "ploughing throughdust." They took a liberty bell across the state of Pennsylvania. Meaning it was the battle that turned the tide. It is a war that never ends. This is perhaps Stevenss most impressive description of his own sense of self, and in it he provides his most succinct appraisal of the poets duty. FiveThirtyEight argued it projected a much higher chance (29%) of Donald Trump winning the presidency than other modelers,[95] a projection which was criticized days before the election by Ryan Grim of The Huffington Post as "unskewing" too much in favor of Trump.[97]. Why would you keep us away from the polls so long if it wasnt in fact the route to power? She was trying to make him, as president, deal with this issue. Alfred P. Sloan Foundation NARRATOR: "We have made partners of the women in this war," Wilson insisted to the Senate on September 30th. [49] He also tried his luck in the 2009 World Series of Poker.[50]. So to say to him that hes not welcome in the South, in Atlanta, is a terrible thing. Audra McDonald [41]:170, In Iowa, alarm over the Dakota attacks led to the construction of a line of forts from Sioux City to Iowa Lake. [9]:7 The victims included Robinson Jones, who ran a post office, lodge, and store, and four others, including his wife and 15-year-old adopted daughter. NARRATOR: Of the eleven resolutions put forward by Stanton, only one was considered so controversial that it failed to pass unanimously: Resolution Nine, which demanded for women the right to votea right that had engendered equal controversy among the men who wrote the U.S. Constitution. The Radnor Erle Monument is a memorial to Erle, who was killed on August 18, 1862, saving his father's life. Archives and Special Collections, University of Louisville There is always an opponent, and that opponent has power, and they are yielding only because they have to. ELLEN DUBOIS: She understood that education, pleading, petitioning did not work. Publicity ELAINE WEISS: It is important to realize how vilified the women were. NARRATOR: By the late spring of 1916, the call for a federal suffrage amendment had become a clamorand in June, despite a torrential downpour, fifty-five hundred suffragists turned out to press the point at the Republican National Convention in Chicago. [9]:79, Realizing that they were in trouble, the four men Wahpeton men who had married Mdewakanton women returned to Rice Creek village to tell their story to Red Middle Voice, the head of their band,[9] :10 and Cut Nose, the "head soldier" of their lodge. Ariel Martian Cloud, Minnesota; and Fort Snelling. Historic Films Archive, LLC Leading them all was Inez Milholland, a 26-year-old attorney the press had dubbed "the most beautiful suffragette." But Alice Paul upped the ante againand sent women out in August with an incendiary banner composed by Lucy Burns, which compared Woodrow Wilson to the leader of enemy Germany. In addition, I will be contributing content to the print edition of The New York Times, and to the Sunday Magazine. MARTHA JONES: People will go in one direction or another out of this debate, men and women, black and white. SUSAN WARE: There's money involved, there's power involved, and women are threatening them. SUSAN WARE: Its not just about casting a ballot; it is this window on how people feel about what womens roles should be in public life. Stevens contended that the poets purpose was to interpret the external world of thought and feeling through the imagination. Keep the door open. Michael Fowler NARRATOR: Less than three weeks later, in a hand-delivered letter to President Wilson, the National Association offered its services to the government of the United States. Just weeks afterward, she'd personally led a deputation to President Wilson, who gave the women ten minutes of his time, listened politely, and then shrugged them offclaiming that Congress was too busy with tariffs and currency reform to consider woman suffrage. [10] A crop failure in 1861, followed by a harsh winter along with poor hunting due to depletion of wild game, led to starvation and severe hardship for many of the eastern Dakota. [43], During the chaos of the initial attacks, some Dakota tried to warn their friends at the Lower Sioux Agency to flee. [142], Silver is referenced in the Syfy channel show The Magicians as an earth wizard who uses polling spells. Rafael De La Uz And if you look at the cartoons which show women just looking like the devil, and with hooves and smoke coming out of their ears, they were demonized. Maria Rosaria Savini & Michael Kvietkauskas Leaving Harvard was hardly a setback, though, for Stevens was not working towards a college degree and was not particularly invigorated by the schools literary environment. No one explained the proceedings to the defendants, nor were the Sioux represented by defense attorneys. The name was one she knew: Christabel Pankhurst, along with her mother Emmeline, was a co-founder of the Women's Social and Political Union, Britain's notoriously militant suffrage organization. The obscurity and abstraction of his poetry has proven particularly appealing among students and academicians and has consequently generated extensive criticism. MARY WALTON: Its now 1917. Oddball Films [59] Pope also requested "two or three regiments" from Wisconsin. After March 2009, he published only two "Lies, Damned Lies" columns on BaseballProspectus.com. [101] For example, Silver was accused of applying a double standard to his treatment of Rasmussen Reports polls, such as a 2010 analysis asserting a statistical bias in its methodology. And that gets you a little too close, then, to the problem of African-Americans and the vote as well. Audience Engagement Editor And she thought it would be much easier and much faster to have a federal amendment which would give all women in this country the vote. They're fighting for the right to own property. Already, the slogans were flying, newspapers were opining, and the Republican nominee, New York Governor Charles Evans Hughes, was barnstorming the country, trying to distinguish himself from the competition. [131], That Silver accurately predicted the outcome of the 2012 presidential race, in the face of numerous public attacks on his forecasts by critics, inspired many articles in the press, ranging from Gizmodo,[132] to online and mainstream newspapers,[133] news and commentary magazines,[134] business media,[135] trade journals,[136] media about media,[137] and Scientific American,[138] as well as a feature interview on The Today Show,[139] a return appearance on The Daily Show,[140] and an appearance on Morning Joe[141], Silver's first appearance on ABC News as Editor-in-Chief of the new FiveThirtyEight.com was on George Stephanopoulos's This Week on November 3, 2013. It was there in the War of 1812. [3] In April 2009, he appeared as an analyst on ESPN's Baseball Tonight. [38], On May 30, 2008, Poblano revealed his identity to FiveThirtyEight.com readers. There are major states, New York being the most significant, that are having a referenda in the fall of '17, and she needs President Wilson's support. I've always had friends but I've always come from an outside point of view. I have tried to disclose as much about my methodology as possible". / So evenings die, in their green going, / A wave, interminably flowing. For many women, the 19thAmendment was only the beginning of a much longer fight. [68] Not waiting for orders or permission, Major Abraham E. Welch led 200 men from the 3rd Minnesota with a line of skirmishers to the left and the right following in reserve. Director of Digital Content NARRATOR: For every show of solidarity, however, there was a defection. Simon Jackman, "Pollster Predictive Performance, 51 out of 51". The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations [60] In the end, only the 25th Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment arrived on September 22, and was sent to defend temporary military posts along the "Minnesota frontier". NARRATOR: No amount of mockery in the press, however, had prepared Alice Paul for what happened at Christabel Pankhurst's lecture. And the suffragists in some ways are in the forefront, and saying, "We want to do more.". That was Reconstruction. Denied access to the polls by individual states, as black men throughout the South had been, on grounds not specifically prohibited by the U.S. Constitution, many thousands of African-American women and other women of color would remain disenfranchised for decades yet to come. It got women to do things they didn't think they could possibly do. Nowhere near that close. SUSAN WARE: It was going to be very hard to get through to Woodrow Wilson, no matter what anybody said. So it became the goal to break through and to have a victory east of the Mississippi. But mostly we learn about failures. "If you will not give the whole loaf of justice to the entire people," Susan B. Anthony told Douglass, it should be given to "the most intelligent and capable portion ofwomen" first. Nicole Bramley The Mayo Clinic created a scholarship for a Native American student as apology for having misused the chief's body. Production Intern And they were literally dragged out of these meetings. NARRATOR: When the delegation reassembled for the procession, just after three o'clock, Wells was nowhere to be found. Julie Rehmeyer, "Scooping the Political Pollsters". If they worked outside the home, they couldnt keep their paycheck. Request a transcript here. NARRATOR: The visiting Russians would later express support for the demonstration; but to the hundreds of government workers milling about on their lunch hour, it smacked of treason. MARTHA JONES: The rise of white supremacy and the imposition of Jim Crow order has created a political terrain in which white men control political power. These different topics illustrate different statistical principles. But nothing was more troubling than Paul and Burns public embrace of Emmeline Pankhurst, who by now had resorted to waging what she called "guerilla warfare" in England. But as one marcher recalled: "To our great surprise, [the] leaders were jubilant!" Welch obeyed reluctantly and the men of the 3rd Minnesota retreated down the slope towards the stream where they would sustain most of their casualties. NARRATOR: On October 27th, 1917, one week after Alice Paul was handed down her sentence, Carrie Chapman Catt led a phalanx of 20,000 suffragists down New York City's Fifth Avenue. Big Eagle, Jerome and Return Ira Holcombe. [9]:71, President Lincoln was informed by Maj. Gen. John Pope of the sentences on 10 November 1862 in a telegraphic dispatch from Minnesota. The Documentary Investment Group. And it was total pandemonium. Special Collections Research Center, University of Chicago Library [citation needed], Silver is openly gay. AlthoughNotes Toward a Supreme Fictionelucidates Stevenss notions of poetry and poet, it was not intended by him to serve as a definitive testament. VOICE [Blatch]: We have ceased to put much energy into discussing the pros and cons of democracy with doubting women in the chimney corners, and have instead gone out on the street corner to appeal to men, to the voters. To such women's profound disappointment, Wilson announced on October 6th that he would vote "yes.". NARRATOR: But at the convention in Chicago, Catt's play was blocked by anti-suffrage senators from Massachusetts and New York. Donaldson + Callif, LLP . Mae Whitman, Design and Animations By So vehement was Meyer on the point that she'd stopped speaking to her sister Maud, an ardent and active suffragist, almost entirely. [109] In addition to being paid two dollars a day, $25 bounties were offered for Dakota male scalps. Silver's mother's family, of English and German descent, includes several distinguished men and women, including his maternal great-grandfather, Harmon Lewis, who was president of Their rallying cry now was "Equal voting rights to all." The Arthur Vining Davis Foundations Investment banking pertains to certain activities of a financial services company or a corporate division that consist in advisory-based financial transactions on behalf of individuals, corporations, and governments. U.S. Senate Collection Sound Recording Facility ELAINE WEISS: Theres this real pent-up frustration. Sign up for the American Experience newsletter! [9]:72 President Lincoln commuted the sentences of all but 38. But thanks to the 19th Amendmentand the decades-long struggle that had secured itthat fight had at least finally begun. [12] George Spencer, a clerk in the trading store, credited Little Crow's head soldier Wakinyantawa (His Own Thunder) for saving his life by placing him under his protection. Theyre concerned about the war in Europe and Wilson is announcing he wont take the United States into it. Silver reports that "he was stranded in a New Orleans airport when the idea of FiveThirtyEight.com came to him. And a lot of people really didnt want things to change. NARRATOR: The task of converting voters, Blatch knew, would be Herculean by comparison; but it had to be done. MARTHA JONES: This struggle is going on at the same time that the nation is resolving still the Civil War. [36] His forecasts of the 2008 United States presidential primary elections drew a lot of attention, including being cited by The New York Times op-ed columnist William Kristol. And Alice Paul really believed that the answer was in needing a new approach. To Catt's dismay, the scene repeated itself the following week, at the Democratic National Convention in St. Louisonly this time, the opposition came from the South. And Alice Paul recognized that this represented something that she could use. [23], In 2000, Silver graduated with Honors with a Bachelor of Arts degree in economics from the University of Chicago. Relations between North Korea and the United States have been historically tense and hostile, as both countries have no diplomatic relations. Oddball Films The poem of the act of the mind. InWallace Stevens: An Introduction to the Poetry,Susan B. Weston wrote that in Of Modern Poetry, as with many poems inParts of a World, Stevens cannot say what the mind wants to hear; he must be content to write about a poetry that would express what the mind wants to hear, and to render the satisfaction that might ensue., Stevens followedParts of a WorldwithNotes Toward a Supreme Fiction,which is usually considered his greatest poem on the nature of poetry. Even women half her age had begun to flag. And within that, they are also going to be claiming womens rights in their own terms. SUSAN GOODIER: Theyre protected in a world where they could knock on the door of the judge or the legislator and say, "now, dear, I would like such-and-such." Maybe you had a white dress that you took out of your closet, or maybe you wore a special suffrage hat and a sash. COL. BETH BEHN: There's this perception that Wilson is working against as he prepares to negotiate the peace as the beacon of democracy, that he lacks some moral foundation. [156] When asked "what made you feel more of a misfit, being gay or being a geek", he replied, "Probably the numbers stuff since I had that from when I was six. Men advocating for political causes had certain rights because they were designated political prisoners. At noon on Monday, August 9th, the pounding of gavels brought both the Tennessee Senate and House to orderand set in motion one of the most contentious and chaotic legislative sessions in the history of the Republic. It was very important, because it had been a long time. The second long portion, It Must Change, recalls Sunday Morning in citing change as that which ever renews and sustains life: Winter and spring, cold copulars, embrace / And for the particulars of rapture come. And in It Must Give Pleasure, Stevens expresses his conviction that poetry must always be a thing final in itself and, therefore, good: / One of the vast repetitions final in themselves and, therefore, good, the going round / And round and round, the merely going round, / Until merely going round is a final good, / The way wine comes at a table in a wood. Notes Toward a Supreme Fictionconcludes with verses describing the poets pursuit of supreme fiction as a war that never ends. Stevens, directing these verses to an imaginary warrior, wrote: Soldier, there is a war between the mind / And sky, between thought and day and night. Mixed Feelings in the January 2013 Poetry. Theyre interested in the vote. [20][21]:83 In less than six weeks, a military commission, composed of officers from the Minnesota volunteer Infantry, sentenced 303 Dakota men to death. ELLEN DUBOIS: Paul pressed to have a congressional investigation. This was a major blow to the standing of Little Crow in the Dakota community. By 1909, it was a familiar refrain. .respectable, upstanding women such as Mrs. Grover Cleveland, former First Lady of the United States, who agreed that men and women's roles, as her husband once put it, "had been assigned long ago by a higher intelligence." Chris Perepezco, Sound Recording Facility Christina Wolbrecht Lauren Noyes Animation Producer Stevenss early years with the insurance firm brought great personal change. When the platform dropped the rope of Cut Nose broke. Hes not dismissive of women or the role that they have to play in society, but he does believe that that role is primarily as nurturers, as upholders of morals and values within families, and hes deeply concerned that allowing women to enter the political realm will disrupt the foundation of society. "But[i]f it becomes necessary to fight to win, I believe in fighting.". DENVER Authorities said the person who would later kill five at a Colorado gay nightclub was on the FBI's radar a day before being arrested for threatening to kill family members, but agents closed out the case just weeks later. And even if you felt a little scared and a little nervous, or maybe a lot scared and a lot nervous, youre surrounded by other women who believe in the same thing you do. [57]:302, Concerned that his troops lacked experience, Sibley urged Ramsey to hasten the return of the 3rd Minnesota Infantry Regiment to Minnesota, following their humiliating surrender to the Confederates in the First Battle of Murfreesboro. COL. BETH BEHN: Paul says to the Democratic Party, if you do not get on board with supporting a federal suffrage amendment, we will swing the votes of 500,000 women in the Western states against you. But after that [Silver's and the website's popularity] started to really take off. [10][55][56], The New York Times "FiveThirtyEight: Nate Silver's Political Calculus" commenced on August 25, 2010, with the publication of "New Forecast Shows Democrats Losing 6 to 7 Senate Seats". (Photo by Bettmann/Getty Image), The House Was Quiet and The World Was Calm, From the Archive: Wallace Stevens's Poetic Drama, The Idea of Order at Key West by Wallace Stevens, The Curtains in the House of the Metaphysician, The Poem that Took the Place of a Mountain, Its Like a New Reality, Man: A Discussion of Wallace Stevenss Not Ideas about the Thing, But the Thing Itself, There It Was: A Discussion of Wallace Stevens's "The Poem That Took the Place of a Mountain", Wallace Stevens: Essential American Poets, Wallace Stevens: The Emperor of Ice-Cream. Pond5 From anonymity to award-winner, McLaughlin-Levrone plots future path. J. D. ZAHNISER: Quakers believed in educating boys and girls equally, and so she had never experienced the reality of inequality. Vanessa Ruiz Numerous settlements including the townships of Milford, Leavenworth and Sacred Heart, were surrounded and burned and their populations nearly exterminated. Alice Paul was among them. [citation needed], At a meeting of the Dakota, the U.S. government and local traders, the Dakota representatives asked the representative of the government traders, Andrew Jackson Myrick, to sell them food on credit. NARRATOR: When Alice Paul had arrived in England two years earlier, she'd had no thought of joining the crusade for woman suffrage. For Mary Church Terrell, the former president of the National Association of Colored Women, it was incomprehensible that any black man should do otherwise. But applying it to suffrage and using the White House and specifically its occupant, Woodrow Wilson, as the target, was something entirely new. ELEANOR SMEAL: The harsh treatment begot sympathy, and people thought it had to stop. NARRATOR: Beyond America's borders in the summer of 1916 was a world fraught with danger. [75] His response to Pope was: "Please forward, as soon as possible, the full and complete record of these convictions. The Public Library of Cincinnati And Hamilton County The survivors were sent with their families to Nebraska. It taught them how to run organizations, how to run political campaigns, what it was like to collaborate with other women. Ana Defillo Ohio History Connection [19], Little Crow had fled northward on September 24, the morning after the Battle of Wood Lake, vowing never to return to the Minnesota River valley again. Can all men, together, avenge / One of the leaves that have fallen in autumn? MICHAEL WALDMAN: It was a big party. General Alfred Sully led a force from near Fort Pierre, South Dakota, and decisively defeated the Dakota at the Battle of Killdeer Mountain on July 28, 1864 and at the Battle of the Badlands on August 9, 1864. J. D. ZAHNISER: The idea was to get the attention of the party and convince them that women's votes can alter the balance of power, and persuade them to push through the Constitutional amendment. [64] Chief Mankato was killed in the battle by a cannonball. Kelly McBride, "What Nate Silver's success says about the 4th and 5th estates". They would have children. Susan Ware [10][11] In 2012 and 2013, FiveThirtyEight won Webby Awards as the "Best Political Blog" from the International Academy of Digital Arts and Sciences. Fox Movietone News First of all, the state legislature had to approve it; all men. NARRATOR: In January 1910, Alice Paul bid farewell to her fellow suffragettes and to Englandand set sail for home. [citation needed], Although payments were guaranteed, the U.S. government was two months behind on both money and food when the war started because of men stealing food. And you have the corporate lobbyists and the politicians who have come in from all over the country, and theyre also staying in the hotel. Ben Greenberg, Director of Audience Development They see it as part of a larger struggle for racial justice. They find that in a number of states where women have the vote, theyre just not all that interested in this federal amendment and this cause of Eastern women. MARY WALTON: There was news every day about some new person who was joining the parade. A capital / Negation destroyed him in his tenement / And, with him, many blue phenomena. In a later stanza, one in which Bloom found the poems central polemic, Stevens emphasizes the positive aspect of evil: The tragedy, however, may have begun, / Again, in the imaginations new beginning, / In the yes of the realist spoken because he must / Say yes, spoken because under every no / Lay a passion for yes that had never been broken. InWallace Stevens: The Poems of Our Climate,Bloom calledEsthetique du MalStevenss major humanistic polemic of the mid-1940s. SUSAN WARE: The New Woman is young, shes in her twenties, shes had some college. This was not, newspapers made plain, the way that women should behave. NARRATOR: Votes for women, as everyone who'd agitated for them well knew, had merely forced open a door. A victory in New York, the most populous state in the country, would add as many as 45 pro-suffrage votes in Congressand the National Association had pulled out all the stops to secure them. The Redwood Ferry Monument honors Captain John Marsh, U.S. Interpreter Peter Quinn, and 24 men who died at the. MARY WALTON: The police, they werent much better. CASSIDY: Women had been at this for decades and the movement was going nowhere. I vote for Democratic candidates the majority of the time (though by no means always). They had to cross the desert. The doors of public universities were closed to them. Word for Word: A discussion of The Poem That Took the Place of a Mountain by Wallace Stevens. All they had to do was vote in solidarity with the cause. Seconding philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, Stevens asserted that evil was a necessary aspect of life, and he further declared that it was both inspirational and profitable to the imagination. [citation needed], In May 1863, the surviving 1,300 Dakota were crowded aboard two steamboats and relocated to the Crow Creek Reservation, in Dakota Territory. Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library Essentially, theyre calling Wilson a liar. On July 20, the original bounty order was amended to limit it to "hostile" warriors, instead of all Dakota males and scalps were no longer required. After stalled talks, about 1,100 New York Times journalists began a 24-hour strike at midnight on December 8; the last union contract expired in March 2021 New York CNN Business A 24-hour strike at The New York Times, a historic demonstration in which more than 1,100 employees We see it in the civil rights movement. Baseline Communications, Voice Casting Weve pleaded long enough. Now, a half century later, women had really moved into the public arena. There are few places these days that cover the fullness of American life, from hard news to feature stories, the way the NewsHour does, Bennett said. NARRATOR: In the end, the fragile coalition forged by the Civil War was shattered by the terms of the peaceand causes once regarded as compatible had been set in opposition, to be prioritized one over the other if expedient. Anthony Cappelino [155] "I've always felt like something of an outsider. For inclusion in that prospective volume he also produced several longer poems, including the masterful The Comedian as the Letter C. This poem, together with the early Sunday Morning and Le Monocle de Mon Oncle, proved key to Stevenss volumeHarmoniumwhen it was published in 1923. In March 2009, he stepped down as Managing Partner of Baseball Prospectus and handed over responsibility for producing future PECOTA projections to other Baseball Prospectus staff members. [72]:61 One year later, no one had returned to 19 out of 23 counties that had been affected by the conflict. She was meeting with Woodrow Wilson to try to win him over. The rest were sent to Occoquan, with sentences of varying lengths. About Our Coalition. "[62] In late November 2012, Times executive editor Jill Abramson declared her wish to keep Silver and his blog: "We would love to have Nate continue to be part of the New York Times family, and to expand on what he does", she said. For both the suffragists and the anti-suffragists, it's the last stand. [citation needed], On August 19, 1862, Minnesota Governor Alexander Ramsey asked his long-time friend and political rival, former Governor Henry Hastings Sibley, to lead an expedition up the Minnesota River for the relief of Fort Ridgely, and gave him an officer's commission as Colonel of Volunteers. ELAINE WEISS: Its a mothers letter. All Rights Reserved. NARRATOR: When the legislation had been first introduced in the Senate, in 1878, it was meant to be the 16th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. NARRATOR: In all, 112 women were hauled off to the police station, "half fainting," one observed, "and their clothes torn to pieces." NARRATOR: For nearly three years, while the countries of Europe had been consumed by battle and bloodshed, the rhythms of America's day-to-day had continued with little variation or interruption. [108], The Signal and The Noise was published in the United States on September 27, 2012. On July 1, 1991, President George H. W. Bush nominated Clarence Thomas for the Supreme Court of the United States to replace Thurgood Marshall, who had announced his retirement. COL. BETH BEHN, HISTORIAN: Southern states have gone to great lengths to disenfranchise African American men, whod been enfranchised with the 15th Amendment. ELLEN DUBOIS: They started with mass demonstrations, demonstrations of ten, 20, 30,000 people demanding the right to vote. In January 2010, journalist and blogger Colby Cosh criticized Silver's performance during the Massachusetts special Senate election, saying he was "still arguing as late as Thursday afternoon that [Martha] Coakley was the clear favourite; he changed his mind at midnight that evening and acknowledged that Scott Brown had a puncher's chance." Get up-to-the-minute news sent straight to your device. government. It is a struggle over ideas. The official review was conducted, not by an appellate court, but by the President of the United States. It had been circulating on the periphery of the national conversation for six decades; and during the previous five years had moved decisively to the centera crusade of the few blooming into a mass movement, their demand for the ballot growing ever more insistent. Although police did little to the quell the violence, the arrests continued apace. NARRATOR: The news broke six weeks later, in headlines from coast to coast. NARRATOR: Outside the statehouse, Harry Burn paused to exchange congratulations with Banks Turner and the suffragists, but only brieflyhaving fled the torrent of insults in the House chamber through a window in the clerk's room. Toledo Lucas County Public Library [18][19], Silver showed a proficiency in math from a young age. MARY WALTON: Wilson unwittingly had given the women a great gift when he said, this is a war so that the world will be made safe for democracy. Suffragists were already weeping softly when, at the last possible moment, Banks Turner suddenly stood to address the speaker. And in the hours before dawn on April 6th, Rankin held fast to her pacifist convictions and voted against sending American sons and husbands to the killing fields of Europe. [8][9]:2 All four bands of eastern Dakota, particularly the Mdewakanton, were displaced and reluctantly moved to a reservation that was twenty miles wide, ten on both sides of the Minnesota River. Brown, Ashley, and Robert S. Haller, editors. Only one paid the fineand then, only because her husband, a former congressman, insisted upon it. J. D. ZAHNISER: Alice Paul had every expectation that African-American women would march. In 1894, Anthony even went so far as to ask Frederick Douglass to keep away from a suffrage convention in Atlanta, for fear of alienating potential supporters. Martha Jones And so maybe we shouldnt be so surprised that some American women come to that same notion of a compromise. "We know he began in sports anyway, so it is not an exclusively political product. As soon as theyre out of jail, theyre back out on the picket line the next day. Rafael De La Uz They took jobs in foundries, oil refineries, blast furnaces. She'd recently completed a similar trek from New York City to Albany, not merely to petition the governor for the right to vote, but also, as she said, "to meet the people along the way and talk suffrage to them." National Endowment for The Humanities Alamy At the same time, he continued making forecasts of the 2008 Democratic primary elections. They cant swallow black men getting the vote and women getting the vote at the same time. MICHAEL WALDMAN: It wasnt like the men of the political process woke up one day and said, you know what, this is the right thing to do. Corporation for Public Broadcasting By jettisoning black Americans, from the story and from the actual political culture. But judging from what I saw of him this morning, Nate is a grounded guy who admits as much in his book. Composed, produced, and remixed: the greatest hits of poems about music. Rafael De La Uz Silver takes a big-picture approach to using statistical tools, combining sources of unique data (e.g., timing a minor league ball player's fastball using a radar gun), with historical data and principles of sound statistical analysis; Silver argues that many of these are violated by many pollsters and pundits who nonetheless have important media roles. And she launches what she calls the Winning Plan. 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